Network Integers versus Host Integers

• Usually integers are either most-significant byte first or least-significant byte first

• On orca the int value 0x01020304 would be stored in 4 successive bytes as:
  04, 03, 02, 01

• On an MSB-first (big endian) machine (IBM RS6000), this would be
  01, 02, 03, 04

• It is important to use network byte order (MSB-first)

• htons: host to network short

• ntohs: network to host short

• htonl: host to network long

• ntohl: network to host long

• Use these functions to write portable network code